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中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

  中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

  资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

  由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

  麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

  一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

  此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

  作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。

  美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

  这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。

  从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

  两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

  House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

  (ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

  The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

  Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

  On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

  On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

  Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

  As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

  But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

  CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

  This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

  Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

  From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

  Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

  The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

国际锐评|这座“里程碑”引领中阿迈向更好未来******

  “这次峰会是中阿关系史上一座里程碑,必将引领中阿友好合作迈向更美好的未来!”当地时间9日,中国国家主席习近平在沙特首都利雅得举办的首届中国-阿拉伯国家峰会上发表主旨讲话,强调要继承和发扬“守望相助、平等互利、包容互鉴”的中阿友好精神,构建更加紧密的中阿命运共同体,并提出中阿务实合作“八大共同行动”。双方发表《首届中阿峰会利雅得宣言》等成果文件,一致同意全力构建面向新时代的中阿命运共同体。这是本次峰会取得的最重要政治成果。

  这次峰会是新中国成立后第一次与阿拉伯国家集体举行的领导人峰会。峰会决定将中阿关系提升至新高度,是对传统友好的传承,更是面向未来的开创。

  早在2000多年前,中阿两大民族就有了往来。陆上丝绸之路和海上香料之路成为沟通东西方文明的两条大动脉。新中国成立后,中阿在争取民族独立、实现民族振兴、推动共同发展的道路上肝胆相照、风雨同舟,成为南南合作的典范。首届中阿峰会的举办,标志着中阿合作论坛的深度和广度被提升到新的层次,反映了双方在新形势下加强互利合作的期盼。

  当前世界进入新的动荡变革期。一方面,世界经济复苏乏力,局部冲突和动荡频发。一方面,个别西方大国推行单边主义、霸权主义,给他国和平与发展造成干扰。中阿都主张维护以国际法为基础的国际秩序和多边主义,维护发展中国家利益,捍卫发展中国家权利。同时,中阿都面临实现民族振兴、加快国家发展的历史任务。双方构建更加紧密的中阿命运共同体,有助于服务各自发展目标。首届中阿峰会的召开,可以说正当其时。

  如何构建面向新时代的中阿命运共同体?峰会上,中方既提出了理念主张,也给出了行动方案。

  “我们要坚持独立自主,维护共同利益”“我们要聚焦经济发展,促进合作共赢”“我们要维护地区和平,实现共同安全”“我们要加强文明交流,增进理解信任”——习主席提出的这四点主张,契合中阿加强全方位合作的现实需要,为构建面向新时代的中阿命运共同体指明了方向。

  和平与安全是阿拉伯国家的突出关切。作为真诚朋友,中国始终为中东和平发挥建设性作用,从不谋求什么地缘私利,更无意去填补所谓的“权力真空”。本次峰会上,习主席强调,中方支持阿拉伯国家自主探索符合本国国情的发展道路,把前途命运牢牢掌握在自己手中。针对中东问题核心巴勒斯坦问题,习主席强调,国际社会应该坚定“两国方案”信念,中方将继续向巴方提供人道主义援助,支持巴方实施民生建设项目。这体现了中方说公道话、办公道事的一贯立场。

  阿拉伯有句谚语:“语言是叶子,行动才是果实。”构建面向新时代的中阿命运共同体,双方都要有实打实的行动。本次峰会上,习主席提出,未来3到5年,中方愿同阿方一道推进“八大共同行动”。这是构建中阿命运共同体和落实《中阿全面合作规划纲要》的第一步。

  从具体合作清单看,涉及支持发展、粮食安全、卫生健康、绿色创新、能源安全、文明对话、青年成才、安全稳定等8个领域。这展现出中方愿与阿拉伯国家共同发展的真诚意愿。《阿拉伯人消息报》9日发文指出,在国际格局发生重大变化、需要加强战略合作的背景下,广阔的发展前景正在等着阿中双方。

  中国需要阿拉伯国家,阿拉伯国家也需要中国。构建面向新时代的中阿命运共同体,是对两千多年丝路情谊的传承,是各自实现民族振兴、加快国家发展的需要,也是这个变革大时代所需。在新蓝图指引下,中阿关系将提质升级,更好造福双方人民,为世界和平和发展贡献更大力量。

  (央视新闻客户端 国际锐评评论员)

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